Also known as Alpha hydroxy acids, AHAs, Glycolic acid, Lactic acid
Two smoothing alpha hydroxy acids that lift away dull surface buildup for skin that feels softer, clearer, and freshly refined.
Alpha hydroxy acids
What it is
Glycolic acid and lactic acid are water-soluble alpha hydroxy acids, or AHAs. Glycolic acid has the smaller molecular size and often penetrates more readily; lactic acid is slightly larger and also has water-binding properties. Concentration alone does not determine strength—the formula’s pH, amount of free acid, vehicle, and contact time all affect activity.
Common uses and benefits
At appropriate cosmetic strengths, glycolic and lactic acid can improve rough texture, dullness, uneven-looking tone, and the appearance of fine surface lines by encouraging exfoliation. In a randomized trial, 8% creams of either acid produced modest improvement in photodamaged skin. High-strength chemical peels are a different category and should not be treated like ordinary home skincare.
Who may like it
They may appeal to rough, dull, congested, sun-damaged, or mature-feeling skin. Sensitive, dry, or deeply pigmented skin may need a slower introduction because irritation can trigger prolonged redness or uneven pigmentation.
Common formats
Glycolic acid
Lactic acid
AHA blends
Buffered or partially neutralized AHAs
Ammonium lactate
Sodium lactate, primarily a humectant salt
Pairing and use notes
Pair AHAs with a plain moisturizer, glycerin, panthenol, ceramides, hyaluronic acid, and daily broad-spectrum sunscreen. Avoid stacking several exfoliants, strong retinoids, or irritating treatments in the same routine unless your skin already tolerates the combination and the product directions support it.
Good to know
AHAs can sting, burn, peel, and increase sensitivity to sunlight. Follow the label, introduce them gradually, and use sun protection while using an AHA and for at least a week afterward. Do not use high-concentration at-home peel products without qualified professional supervision, and stop if severe burning, swelling, blistering, or persistent discoloration develops.
Sources and references
U.S. Food and Drug Administration, safety and sun-sensitivity guidance for alpha hydroxy acids — View source
Stiller et al. (1996), 22-week double-blind randomized trial of 8% glycolic and 8% lactic acid creams — View source
